Method for treating fine mud: In the practice of flotation, in order to overcome the deterioration of the flotation process by fine mud and to eliminate the harmful effects of fine mud, the following measures are often adopted:
1. Conventional flotation treatment of fine mud
1. When the fine mud is not too much, add a dispersant to mitigate its effects. Generally, water bore and hexameric sodium can be added. The dispersant is a pure electrolyte whose function is to increase the zeta potential of the surface of the fine mud. When the fine muds are close to each other, they are mutually repelled due to the same electrical properties, so that the slime acts as a dispersion to prevent non-selective agglomeration of the fine mud. The method of adding the dispersion is relatively simple, and is suitable for the case where the mud is less. However, this method still cannot fundamentally solve the shortcomings caused by fine mud and the large amount of chemicals, so it is often necessary to strengthen the selection work in production practice.
2. There are two ways to remove mud from the mud before flotation in advance: flotation de-sludge and mechanical de-sludge. Flotation de-slurry is to use a small amount of lifting agent and collector to float a part of the slime, and then carry out coarse flotation. For example, a North Su ore dressing plant, containing a high clay processing copper oxide ore, sometimes with an appropriate amount of sodium sulfide in the crude oil II 1 2 slot selection, the selected first sludge. After the slime floats out, in the rough flotation, copper minerals such as malachite can be seen to rise quickly. If you do not use a pre-flotation complex process of mud, malachite float difficulties, it seems to be slime "suppression." This desilting measure is convenient to use in production and has certain effects. The small test face of the mine shows that a part of the slime can be floated by using oxidized paraffin soap and No. 2 oil, so that the coarse flotation index is improved, especially the concentrate grade is increased greatly, and the concentrate grade of the non-float mud is improved. Only 13.45%, after the oxidized paraffin soap floated out of the mud, the comprehensive copper concentrate grade can reach 19.83%, an increase of 5.18%. Mechanical desilting is the use of a classifier (such as a hydrocyclone) to remove a portion of the fine mud prior to flotation. Generally, the particle size of deliming is 10-20 microns. Deslimation grade is mainly determined by the performance of the classification equipment . After de-sludge, the effect of coarse flotation can also be improved. The main problem is difficult to deal with fine mud. If the content of useful minerals in mud learned very little can be abandoned, but often useful in fine clay minerals in ore grade and almost, if it abandoned on the Slimes metal lost in vain.
3. Process requirements for separate flotation of mud and sand fines: (1) Longer flotation time has been used. According to the data, the flotation time of less than 10 micron is as long as 40~60 minutes; (2) High-concentration pulping (up to 60-70% pulp concentration), low-concentration flotation (generally less than 20%); (3) segmental administration, increasing the amount of collector and reducing the amount of occupant; (4) Large inflatable volume, small bubbles, weakening the rising slurry flow. In actual production, it is difficult to meet the above-mentioned fine mud flotation process requirements, so the index of fine mud flotation is not high. Although the above method of treating fine mud is adopted for production, it does not solve the problem of fine mud flotation. Therefore, special processes for fine flotation are being studied. From the current research trend, there are two ways to improve the finer flotation speed: one is to increase the particle size of fine mud flotation, and the other is to reduce the particle size of the flotation bubble.
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