[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Since 2003, Jiuquan City has begun to develop non-cultivated land facilities agriculture. This is a new type of agricultural development that does not occupy cultivated land, is used in idle non-cultivated land that is not suitable for cultivation, such as sandstone, saline-alkali land, etc., and uses greenhouses as a carrier to develop special agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables.
"Point stone into gold": development of non-cultivated land agriculture in Suzhou District
In recent years, Suzhou District of Jiuquan City has actively developed non-cultivated land agriculture. In the deserted Gobi, advanced technologies such as organic cultivation, facility planting and water saving have been combined to develop ecological recycling agriculture. This innovative initiative is called Gobi. agriculture". Compared with traditional arable land agriculture, “Gobi Agriculture†has the advantages of low input, low cost, excellent quality and high efficiency. Through storage and transportation processing and brand building, it realizes “point stone into gold†and strives to make Gobi Beach a vegetable production and supply base. .
Suzhou District is located on the edge of Badain Jaran Desert. The effective cultivated area is more than 600,000 mu, and the Gobi desert beach area can be more than 1 million mu.
Located in the green area of ​​the North Beach of Liufen Village, Yinda Town, Suzhou District, it is originally a Gobi Desert. The only plants that can be seen are the grass and the reeds. Today, it is this piece of Gobi Desert that once had saline and alkali, which has been transformed into a facility agricultural technology demonstration zone, and a greenhouse has risen. This is the Yinda Non-Cultivated Agricultural Industrial Park in Suzhou District, and one of the core parks of the National Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park in Suzhou District.
“We have not built a piece of cultivated land in the solar greenhouse in Gobi.†Wang Yuxia, director of the Vegetable Farmers Professional Cooperative of Jiuquan City, introduced.
Suzhou District is a typical oasis agricultural area. In January 2012, it was recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture as a national modern agricultural demonstration area. In recent years, Suzhou District has insisted on planning modern agriculture with the concept of industrialization. Combined with the natural conditions of desert Gobi desert in the region, it plans to build three non-cultivated agricultural industrial parks in Zongzhai, Yinda and Xidong, relying on the research of vegetables in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The scientific and technological strength researches and develops new structures and technologies for the Gobi solar greenhouse suitable for local climate and regional characteristics. At present, the area of ​​solar greenhouses in non-cultivated land in Suzhou has reached 11.8 million mu, driving 200,000 mu of vegetable planting area, becoming a large non-cultivated solar greenhouse base and an organic ecological soilless cultivation demonstration area.
"The wind blows the stones and the grass does not grow. On the ground to turn the Gobi Desert into a good field, a prerequisite is to have soil. If you take the soil from the existing cultivated land, it will cause new damage to the land." Zhang Guosen, director of the Technical Service Center, said that the construction of a solar greenhouse on the Gobi Desert may be a "night of the night" for those who are used to traditional cultivation. However, this has become a reality in Suzhou.
“We mainly use corn stalks, cow dung, and waste mushroom sticks as raw materials to prepare cultivation substrates instead of soil, which solves the problem of soil shortage.†Cui Haicheng, an agronomist at Suzhou Vegetable Technology Service Center, said.
"I planted vegetables on the Gobi Desert. I didn't even think about it before. I tried it at first. I didn't expect the income of the year to be very good." The grower Fan Lide began to develop the solar greenhouse when the Jianzhai non-cultivated agricultural industrial park was built. Planting. At present, he has 15 non-cultivated solar greenhouses.
At the same time of the development of “Gobi Agricultureâ€, the joint scientific research institutions and units of the Agricultural Science and Technology Department of Suzhou District have demonstrated, cultivated matrix formula, seedling matrix formula, water and fertilizer integration technology application, pest and disease-free green in non-cultivated new solar greenhouses. Experimental research has been carried out in the fields of prevention and control, intelligent automatic control and so on.
Since 2010, the intelligent management system has been introduced into the greenhouse of the non-cultivated agricultural industrial park in the Zhaizhai, and farmers can remotely manage it through mobile phones.
"I can also remotely control at home, and raise the greenhouse curtain," said Fan Lide.
At present, Suzhou has built more than 7,700 greenhouses and greenhouses on the Gobi Desert of more than 10,000 mu. Farmers not only transport vegetables to the urban market for sale, but also register vegetable and fruit brands, which are sold throughout the country through the Internet.
“Non-cultivated solar greenhouses not only have higher income than ordinary greenhouses, but also have a production cost of 8,860 yuan per shed, which is 7% lower than that of traditional solar greenhouses,†said Wang Yuxia.
The crop production in the solar greenhouse is all equipped with under-film drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation technology. The water consumption is only half of the water consumption of the field, so that limited water resources are utilized. By promoting organic and soilless culture techniques, each greenhouse can be converted into 40 square meters of straw, cow dung, chicken manure, and slag, so that a large number of rural waste resources in the rural areas of Suzhou can be recycled, which reduces environmental pollution and improves. The ecological environment has improved the quality of vegetables. At the same time, the application amount of pesticides and chemical fertilizers is reduced, which is 30% more than ordinary greenhouses and 67% more than pesticides.
Since the start of construction of the non-cultivated agricultural industrial park in 2009, the Suzhou area has been focusing on the development of non-cultivated solar greenhouse vegetable industry, and has continuously increased the assembly and support of scientific and technological measures, so that all practical new technologies have been popularized. In the construction process of the three non-cultivated land core demonstration areas, 15 advanced practical technologies such as organic ecological soilless cultivation, tray substrate seedling, water and fertilizer integration, intelligent picking truck and intelligent greenhouse control system were integrated and adopted. The national green agricultural product base has achieved the development goals of factory seedling, large-scale production and branded sales. While promoting the transformation and application of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, it has achieved good economic, social and ecological benefits.
“The income of a solar greenhouse in my family is nearly 30,000 yuan. It uses organic ecological soilless cultivation technology, high vegetable yield, green pollution-free, and good sales.†Chai Yanling, a grower in the non-cultivated agricultural industrial park in Zongzhai, said.
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