During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, non-fossil energy accounted for 11.4% of primary energy consumption. Promote the transformation of energy production and utilization methods. Adhere to saving priority, based on domestic, diversified development, environmental protection, strengthen international cooperation of mutual benefit, adjust and optimize the energy structure, and build a safe, stable, economic, clean modern energy industry system. It is necessary to promote clean development of energy sources, optimize the layout of energy development, and strengthen the construction of energy transmission channels. - Excerpted from the "12th Five-Year Plan Outline" for "National Economic and Social Development"
The draft "12th Five-Year Plan" outline was written for the first time as an indicator of "non-fossil energy as a share of primary energy consumption." In the next five years, the share of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption will increase from the current 8.3% to 11.4%.
China is facing a major adjustment in its energy structure, and the new energy industry has spurred the assembly number to occupy the traditional energy domain. Shanghai's new energy industry saw a driving force for continued growth. According to data from the Shanghai Economic and Information Technology Commission, Shanghai's new energy industry increased by more than 30% in 2010, and its growth in this sector is expected to exceed 50% in 2011.
Academician Jun Hao, deputy to the National People's Congress, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Shanghai Solar Cell Research and Development Center, said in an exclusive interview with this reporter: “Shanghai has a lot of room to increase the scale and energy level of the new energy industry.â€
Provide deep power for low-carbon business
"Over the past 20 years, China's energy consumption structure has undergone a marked change: the proportion of industrial energy consumption has declined, the proportion of living energy consumption has risen; the proportion of coal has continued to decline, oil consumption has grown rapidly, and the proportion of clean energy such as natural gas has continued to rise. "From the inspection of the important indicator of energy consumption, "10,000 yuan of GDP carbon emissions," Junjun Hao described to reporters a decline curve, "Taking Shanghai as an example, 1999 emissions of 2.76 tons of carbon dioxide per ten thousand yuan of GDP, then declined year after year, By 2006, this number would have fallen to 1.11 tons, a drop of 60%."
Jun Hao noted that this trend has slowed down after 2006. “The proportion of various types of energy sources has been approaching stability. With the slowdown in the carbon emissions from the GDP of ten thousand yuan, the total carbon emissions have also remained stable.†Although the energy consumption intensity in China has been declining year by year since the “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€, energy The total consumption continues to hit a new high. "In 2011, under the constraint of resource and environment, energy conservation and emission reduction targets, energy demand will increase steadily. New energy and renewable energy will usher in new opportunities for development."
The development of low-carbon economy is one of the two sides of the optimization of energy structure. In Jun Junhao's view, the carbon emissions of ten thousand yuan of GDP are "not moving", meaning that the "extensive" development approach should come to an end.
Taking energy-saving and emission reduction as a "cut-off power cut" may be a way to quickly reduce energy consumption, but Junhao pointed out that a mature low-carbon economy should use the least amount of energy in exchange for maximum production capacity and submit it to the "two sessions." Regarding the proposal to establish a "low-carbon economy promotion law," Junjun Hao called for a deeper level of motivation for the development of a low-carbon economy. Among these, the new energy industry occupies an important pen.
Shanghai's precise "positioning" in the field of new energy
The "new" of new energy is an opportunity as well as a pitfall. "Many technologies are in their infancy and there are different development paths. For example, in the solar energy field, photovoltaics are mainly based on light and heat, and the controversy has always been great; in terms of smart grid construction, it is mainly energy consumption. The energy supply side is the mainstay, and the technology line is also very different.†Junhao reminded: Once the direction is deviated, it will cause a huge waste of huge investment in the previous period.
In 2009, the Shanghai Economic and Credit Commission issued the "Shanghai Action Plan for the Promotion of New Energy and High-tech Industrialization (2009-2012)" to directly promote Shanghai's ambition to develop photovoltaic, wind power, new energy vehicles, nuclear power and other industries. Rational choice for industrial layout. In the field of research and development of nuclear power that is already at the leading level in China, the “Action Plan†proposes that the market share of Shanghai's nuclear power should reach No. 1 in China. In the field of photovoltaics, “Action Plan†proposes to focus on the development of thin-film solar cells...
Several major industry forces have emerged in 2010. With the strong demand of the market, the scale of new energy industries has grown rapidly this year. The city's high-tech industrialization policy has been continuously improved, and the new energy industry chain has gradually taken shape.
The solar energy industry scale has reached 13 billion yuan in 2010, an increase of 62.5% over the previous year; the smart grid industry has reached 25 billion yuan, an increase of 25% over the previous year; with the wind power converters and solar energy of major companies in Shanghai The transformer, reactive power compensation and other projects have been industrialized successively, and breakthroughs have also been made in the areas of new energy access and control, and an industry scale of RMB 2.0 billion to 3 billion has been formed; in addition, the nuclear power industry in 2010 has grown by 20% over the previous year, and the wind power industry The year-on-year increase of 10%. According to the person in charge of the Shanghai Municipal Economic and Information Commission, after experiencing the steady development at the initial stage, Shanghai's new energy industry is about to usher in a round of acceleration in the “12th Five-Year Planâ€.
Developing key technologies and improving the policy environment are the key
In Jun Junhao's view, the biggest obstacle to horizontal high-tech industries in China is the lack of core technologies and imperfect policy environment. The new energy field is no exception.
Jun Hao said frankly that China's major low-carbon technological achievements with independent intellectual property rights are few, and core and key low-carbon equipment manufacturing technologies rely on imports. “The governments at all levels are trying to seize the commanding heights of emerging industries and invest heavily in developing a low-carbon economy, but they need to improve on many aspects such as investment methods, selection of funding targets, supervision of fund use, and evaluation of scientific and technological achievements.â€
“Taking the solar cell as an example, the current domestic equipment manufacturing technology is still relatively backward and lacks experience in manufacturing large-area thin-film deposition equipment; the manufacturing technology of thin-film solar cells is also lagging behind, especially equipment manufacturers, battery module manufacturers and research institutes. There is no good cooperation between the institutes, and there is a lack of technical support; in addition, the domestic thin-film solar cell equipment manufacturers have poor production integration capabilities and a very low degree of automation. "Shanghai, which is trying to occupy a high point in the new energy field, is bound to use its own scientific advantages. And technological advantages, strengthen scientific and technological innovation, research and development of core technologies.
"China's solar cell production accounted for 50% of the world's total production in 2010, and only 2.5% of applications are used." This is a set of data repeatedly mentioned by Junjun Hao in the "two sessions" to address high-tech industries including new energy industries. The problem of technological industrialization needs a sound policy environment as support. “Eg the introduction of a photovoltaic building integration subsidy program, the establishment and establishment of photovoltaic power generation on-grid tariffs, the coordination of power companies' explicit grid-connected technical specifications as soon as possible, and the encouragement of power companies to fully cooperate with photovoltaic power generation access work, etc., all of which can strongly promote solar energy. Battery application."
“For another example, to solve the problem of China's energy consumption intensity decreasing year by year and the total consumption volume rising, we need to formulate a system of total energy consumption control.†Junjun Hao suggested that in addition to the unit GDP energy intensity and carbon dioxide emissions Strength as a binding indicator, but also the annual total energy consumption is included in the scope of binding indicators, in accordance with regions, sectors, industries, key energy users and other categories to establish carbon inventory, strict implementation of energy consumption control system.
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