Method of making xanthate

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The manufacturing principle of xanthate is relatively simple, and the carbon disulfide of alcohol and sodium hydroxide chemically acts to produce xanthate. Generally, the reaction formula can be expressed as follows:
The manufacture of xanthate is an exothermic reaction, so the reactor must have heat dissipation equipment. When the ore dressing pharmacy produces xanthate, there are two ratios of ingredients, one of which uses ROH: NaOH: CS2 = 1:1:1 kg of molecules. (When the yellow medicine is manufactured in the laboratory, the above three raw materials are available. 1:1:1 molar ratio). The reaction is carried out in a kneader. The alcohol and sodium hydroxide are firstly acted upon. The solid sodium hydroxide is dissolved in the alcohol at a temperature of 25 to 30 ° C. When the sodium hydroxide is dissolved, the kneader stirrer is activated and stirred thoroughly. Promote the dissolution of solid sodium hydroxide. After the sodium hydroxide is dissolved, add carbon disulfide in a kneader and mix to form a homogenous solution, then add sodium hydroxide, and control the reaction temperature by the speed of adding sodium hydroxide. Between 10 and 30 ° C, shortly after the addition of sodium hydroxide, the temperature drop is a symbol of the completion of the reaction. When the temperature drops to about 10 ° C, the solid xanthate can be taken out. The xanthate thus produced contains water, and after drying, a high-quality xanthate can be obtained. If it is not dried, the product has poor stability and cannot be stored for too long. This method of production is suitable for low-grade xanthate. When used to produce xanthate with more than 6 carbon atoms, it often forms a paste-like product rather than a powdery product.
The data in Table 1 is the general production index for the manufacture of xanthate by a kneading machine in a mineral processing pharmacy.
Production indicators of several xanthates Table 1
Base
Synthetic product
Dry product
grade(%)
Actual yield (%)
grade(%)
Actual yield (%)
Ethyl
Dingji
Ke
81.0
83.0
78.0
96.5
95.5
86.0
87.5
87.5
81.0
94.0
93.0
85.0
Another ratio of ingredients is 2 times (or more) than the alcohol, that is, sodium hydroxide: carbon sulfide = 2:1:1 molar ratio, the product obtained after the reaction is liquid xanthate, the reaction temperature is added in the order of In the same as before, the alcohol disulfide can be added to the reactor first, then the solid sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the reaction temperature; or the alcohol and sodium hydroxide can be added first, then the sodium hydrogen hydride is dissolved in the anti-celerator, and then the carbon disulfide is added. Control the reaction temperature. The reaction product is a liquid xanthate containing water and an excess of alcohol. The liquid xanthate must be spray dried in a drying system under reduced pressure, dried to obtain a high quality xanthate, and an excess mixture of alcohol and water is used to recover the alcohol in a right fractionation system. Then use it cyclically. This kind of production method has also been adopted by some mineral processing pharmacies in China. For example, Zhuzhou Mineral Processing Pharmacy has used this method to produce. The advantage of this method is that the product is very good, in line with the requirements of the national first-class products, the product is stable. The disadvantage is that there is more system for collecting alcohol, the investment in building a factory is large, the production process is many, and the production process is complicated. The editor believes that the production of low-grade xanthate is better by the method of pinching, and the production of high-grade xanthate is better than the method of excess alcohol.

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