Electromagnetic flowmeters are used in the oil industry. The interference of dead oil and groundwater in the underground makes the electrodes and the meter head of the electromagnetic flowmeter adhere to a thick layer. When the diameter of the oil droplets passing through the electromagnetic flowmeter electrode is larger than the electrode diameter, Due to the extremely low conductivity of the oil, the electrode stops working instantaneously, resulting in measurement errors. Especially for the backflow overflow produced by the wells in the high pressure zone, the high viscosity crude oil contained in the wells is attached to the surface of the measuring electrode, which will directly cause the logging to fail.
1 Effect of suspended matter
The fluids in the wells contain suspended matter in varying degrees. Especially for long-term water injection wells, the fouling on the wellbore wall is severe. Under the implementation of various operational measures, such as grinding, scraping, and acidification, it is easier to produce various Metal material particles. During operation of the electromagnetic flowmeter, particles suspended in the well fluid adhere to the surface of the electrode. If the adhesion layer conductivity and fluid conductivity are similar, there will be no principle error, the instrument indication can still be normal. If the adhesion layer is high conductivity material, the resistance between the two electrodes of the sensor will become very small, even short circuit The output shows a negative deviation, which is not even working properly. If the adhesion layer is an insulating material, the impedance between the electrodes will increase or even open, which will increase the error and may not even work properly.
2 The influence of polymer
The flow calculation is related to the magnetic flux density. Different solutions have different electrical conductivities. The magnetic flux density of the polymer solution with the same magnetic field strength is smaller than the density of the magnetic flux in clear water through experiments. The magnetic field strength in the polymer solution is smaller than that in water with the same cross-sectional area. The test instruments are calibrated in clean water, so the flow rate in wells with complex fluids in the well is smaller than that in clear water.
3 Influence of the Bushing Condition on the Electromagnetic Flowmeter
The flowmeter is calibrated in the standard size casing. In the actual construction of the site, the injection wells are affected by the injection pressure, water quality corrosion, long-term seal, and the implementation of various technological measures, resulting in deformation of the casing or serious corrosion scaling. Even damage and other phenomena. Then the flow rate conversion according to the standard size calibration value is bound to cause errors. Let the actual flow rate be Q , the measurement flow rate be Q1 , the calibration measurement channel diameter be D , the cross-sectional area is S , the measurement channel diameter during logging is D1 , the cross-sectional area is s1 , and the flow rate is v . When the flowmeter measures the flow frequency value, it can be converted into flow according to the calibration plate. At this time, the calculation uses the internal diameter of the standard flow channel, and the instantaneous measurement flow should be: Q1 = S . V = . D2 / 4v when the transfer channel is changed, the flow rate at this time is: v = Q / s1 = 4Q / 7 [D12 thus: Q1 = S. v=D2v / 4=(D2v / 4)X4Q / (7cD12) : QD2 / D12 shows that there is a coefficient difference between the measured flow rate and the actual flow rate. This coefficient is proportional to the square of the diameter change of the measurement channel and is an exponential relation. When D and D1 have little difference, Ql has little error compared with Q. When the difference between D1 and D is large, Q1 is beyond the allowable error range. Li does not consider the measurement error caused by the difference in the pipe diameter when measuring and interpreting the actual electromagnetic flowmeter. This will affect the electromagnetic flow measurement method. Have an impact.
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