Shock absorber

The structure of the shock absorber is that a piston rod with a piston is inserted into the barrel, and the barrel is filled with oil. The piston has an orifice so that the oil in the two parts separated by the piston can complement each other. Damping is generated when viscous oil passes through the orifice. The smaller the orifice, the greater the damping force. The greater the viscosity of the oil, the greater the damping force. If the size of the orifice is constant, when the damper operates at a high speed, the damping will influence the absorption of the shock. Therefore, a disk-shaped leaf spring valve is provided at the outlet of the orifice. When the pressure becomes large, the valve is opened, and the opening of the orifice is increased, and the damping becomes smaller. As the piston moves in both directions, leaf spring valves are mounted on both sides of the piston, called the compression valve and the extension valve.

Shock absorbers can be divided into two-tube type and single-tube type according to their structure. Double cylinder type means that the shock absorber has two cylinders inside and outside. The piston moves in the inner cylinder. Because the piston rod enters and withdraws, the volume of oil in the inner cylinder increases and shrinks. Therefore, it needs to be exchanged with the outer cylinder to maintain it. Inner cylinder oil balance. Therefore, there are four valves in the double-tube shock absorber, that is, in addition to the two throttle valves on the piston mentioned above, there are flow-through valves and compensation valves that are installed to exchange between the inner and outer cylinders.

Compared with the double cylinder type, the single-tube shock absorber has a simple structure and reduces a set of valve systems. It is equipped with a floating piston in the lower part of the cylinder. (Floating refers to the fact that there is no piston rod to control its movement). Under the floating piston, a closed air chamber is formed, filled with high-pressure nitrogen. The above-mentioned changes in the liquid level due to the piston rod entering and leaving the oil are automatically accommodated by the floating piston floating. In addition to the two shock absorbers described above, there are resistance adjustable shock absorbers. It can change the size of the orifice by an external operation. The most recent automobile uses an electronically controlled shock absorber as a standard equipment. The sensor detects the running state and the computer calculates the optimal damping force to automatically operate the damping force adjustment mechanism on the shock absorber.