Application of Germplasm Bank in Conservation of Maize Planting Resources

Maize germplasm resources are the basis of genetic material for breeding superior varieties. Collecting original materials, broadening the germplasm basis, and conducting germplasm identification, innovation and utilization have always played an important role in the improvement of maize varieties. The protection of maize germplasm resources also requires specialized germplasm resources.
Although maize is rich in germplasm resources, corn is a species with large genetic differences both at the phenotypic level and at the molecular level. However, due to the limitations of current breeding techniques, the current use of maize germplasm resources is still generally low, and with the destruction of human life activities on the environment, it also leads to the disappearance of some high-quality germplasm resources of maize. Germplasm resources cannot be used at this stage, but if these germplasm resources with high quality, stress resistance, high combining ability, and adaptability are preserved using germplasm resources, they will be used in future breeding work. A huge role in promoting the rapid development of maize breeding, so conservation and conservation of maize planting resources is very critical.
At present, more than 15,900 maize germplasm resources have been preserved in China using germplasm resources (including nearly 2,000 foreign materials). After long-term collection, preservation and identification, not only agronomic traits have been evaluated, more than 5,000 materials have been simultaneously analyzed for major diseases, resistance and major nutrient components, and several hundred materials have been subjected to resistance assessment. And determination of combining ability. In order to further develop the role of maize germplasm resources in the selection and breeding of maize hybrids, it is necessary to further increase the protection of maize planting resources by using the germplasm resource bank, strengthen the screening and identification of excellent germplasm, and apply new technologies. Research and targeted integrated construction of germplasm, construction of tropical and subtropical germplasm, suitable for most of the maize production areas in China, and the establishment of a new hybrid maize with Chinese characteristics mode.

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